Describing the temperament of each sign of the zodiac by assigning it to one of the four ancient elements is probably the most famous method of classification.
The four elements are fire, earth, air, and water:
FIRE: It is a basic energy associated with the universal random radiation. Spontaneity or eruptive nature is a part of its character. Strong individuality and identity associated with an impulsive driving force is noticed in this element. Fire also signifies a higher form of spirits and free-floating freedom that likes to be associated with the universe but as a distinct unit or as a recognized functional part. Strong will power, domineering nature, and excellent powers of persuasion are noticed in this element.
AIR: It is a basic energy associated with mind and intellect in the form of ideas in action. Communication is a major task of this element. Understanding, analysis and externalisation are its vital functions. Planning an action is a significant part or contribution performed by the Air element. Converting the abstraction into a practical reality or vice versa is often noticed with this element. Synthesis and logic, either on a casual and lower level, or with reference to the higher consciousness level is activated by this element without any difficulty. '
WATER: This is the energy associated with sensitivity, feelings and emotionalism. The concept of faith and belief is highly significant in this element. The driving force of the conscious actions is furnished by the deeper subconscious, or the unconscious mind. Motivations, based upon feelings without any standard logic, are highly important functions of this element. Intuitiveness and psychic abilities are probably the simple outcomes of this element and its dominance.
EARTH: The basic mode of operation of this element is practicality and material significance. The physical senses are highly prominent which decide the down-to-earth thinking and action. Scepticism has great scope in this element and nothing exists unless it has a 'form' that can be identified in the general attitude. Providing a matter-of-fact attitude and a practical structure for everything is the general purpose of this element.